This vast plateau of some, square miles, square km forms a unique region of loess-clad hills and barren mountains between the North China Plain and the deserts of the west. A densely populated area that has long been under settlement, the North China Plain has the highest proportion of land under cultivation of any region in China. In particularly low and flat areas, the underground water table often fluctuates from 5 to 6. The river channels, which are higher than the surrounding locality, form local water divides, and the areas between the channels are depressions in which lakes and swamps are found. It was formed by enormous sedimentary deposits brought down by the Huang He and Huai River from the Loess Plateau the Quaternary deposits alone i.
Cultivation is generally limited to the valley floors. As one of the major forest areas of China, the region is the source of many valuable furs and famous medicinal herbs. The highest peak is the volcanic cone of Mount Baitou 9, feet, which has a beautiful crater lake at its snow-covered summit. In some parts the scenery is characterized by rugged peaks and precipitous cliffs. The river valleys are wide and flat with a series of terraces formed by deposits of silt.ĭuring the flood season the rivers inundate extensive areas. Its basic landscapes are forest-steppe, steppe, meadow-steppe, and cultivated land its soils are rich and black, and it is a famous agricultural region.
The plain has an area of about, square miles, square km. Most of the area has an erosional rather than a depositional surface, but it is covered with a deep soil.
An undulating plain split into northern and southern halves by a low divide rising from to feet to metres, it is drained in its northern part by the Sungari River and tributaries and in its southern part by the Liao River.
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